Cylinder for internal-combustion engines



April 27 1926. 1,582,370

I. E. ASKE CYLINDER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Nov. 10, 1924 I g IN V EN TOR. .ia/ irly i Maw 1 ATTORNEYj.

Patented Apr. 27,1926.

UNITED, STATES 1,582,310 PATENT OFFICE.

IRVING E. -ASKE, OF DULUTH, MINNESOTA.

CYLINDER FOB INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed November 10, 1924. Serial No. 748,996.

ternal-Combustion Engines, of which I do declare the following to be a specification.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines and has for its object the provision of an improved combustion cylinder. It has for a further object the provision of an internal combustion cylinder in which fuel or carbon knocks will be greatly reduced or eliminated. It has for a further object the provision of an internal combustion cylinder in which excess heatof high compression will be promptly dissipated without necessitating the employment ofv dangerously thin or weak cylinder walls. With these and other objects in view, it consists of the constructions, combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Fig. 1, is a top plan view of a portion of a casting which portion comprises avcylinder head embodying my invention together with half of a similar ad joining cylinder head. Fig. 2, is a side elevation of said casting, and Fig. 3, is a sec tion ofsaid cylinder head on the line AB of l.

In'the drawings, 1 is a partly hollow metallio casting of any suitable form, constituting the head portion of an engine cylinder, through which extend any suitable number of bolt holes, 2, for the passage of bolts (not shown, but well known to the art), for securing'said casting to an underlying cylinder barrel, X. Said casting contains a chamber 3, for the circulation of cooling air or water, or other cooling fluid, and a recess 4 adapted to register with the bore of said barrel and to form a combustion chamber; said recess being extended as at 5 to form a fuel intake and exhaust vestibule-and valve chamber. Extending through saidcasting and into said combustion chamber and vestibule, is an electric sparking plug 6. Any suitable number of vertical passages as 7 are formed in said cylinder barrel and head for the passage of cooling fluid. A fiange'8 is preferably formed on said cylinder head for connecting the same to a radiator (not shown but well known to the art). Extending to or into said combustion chamber from an adjacent cooling fluid chamber, as, preferably through the floor of said chamber 8,

are any suitable number of .plugs 9, constructed of metal having a greater heat conductlng capacity than the metal through which said plugs extend. Thus said plate 1.

is preferably made of cast iron or cast steel, for strength and economy, and said plugs are made of copper for greater conductivity of heat.

In considering the problem of eliminating fuel or carbon knocks, I have arrived at the conclusion that where there is very high compression of the fuel gas, resulting in the heating thereof to a high degree, the molecules in at least a portion of the charge are cracked and liberated or are transformed into more volatile and more highly explosive gases, especially, perhaps, in the immediate vicinity of the sparking plug. Insuch case, when the charge is fired, the explosion of these more volatile gases is so violent and rapid in the immediate vicinity of the sparking plug that a powerful wave or vibration is thereby sent against the piston head or cylinder walls through the remainder of the fuel charges, which wave or vibration thus creates a knock before the flame of the explosion can traverse and ignite said remainder of the charge. 'It will be understood, however, that I do not contend that such cracking is limited to a small area in the immediate vicinity of the sparking plug, since it may, perhaps, be effected in the whole charge; but whether such cracking is limited to a small area near said plug, or whether it extends through the charge, my conclusion is that the explosion of a portion of said gases in the immediate "vicinity of strata, or in several more or less isolated areas and that as the spark or flame reaches and ignites these strata or isolated areas of more highly explosive gases in succession, the moreintense explosions at such localities create a succession of knocking vibrations. A further effect of such excessively violent explosions is tocause over-heating of the engine or cylinder, more rapid and complete volatilization of the fuel oil, and a greater accumulation of carbon on the cylinder head wall, which carbon by reducing the heat conduction of said head Wall is itself a contributory cause of knocking. It is desirable, therefore to so promptly and rapidly dissipate or radiate any excess heat of compres sion or in the compressed gasesas to permit of a desirably high compression without danger of producing such cracking of the fuel. Since, further, the fuel is apt to vary materially in quality at different periods or in different locations, it is desirable to have a radiating medium which is flexible in capacity.

To provide such means, I have constructed said cylinder head with metals of different conductivities, preferring the body of the casting 1 to be of cast iron or steel for strength, and economy and the plugs 9 to be of copper for greatly increasing the heat conductivity and radiation of the cylinder head. The flexibility of the radiating medium or metallic portions of the cylinder head consists in the opportunity to substitute any desired number of iron or steel or other metal plugs for an equal number of said copper plugs, depending upon the quality of fuel used, or the degree of compression which may be'desired, or average-atmospheric temperature or other conditions. I do not desire, however, to limit the location of said plugs to the cylinder head.

\Vhat I claim, is:

A cylinder containing a combustion chamber, a fuel intake and valve chamber communicating with said combustion chamber, a piston for compressing-the fuel in said combustion chamber, a cooling fluid chamber separated from said combustion chamber, and plugs extending at one end into said combustion chamber and at the other end into said cooling fluid chamber.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature.

IRVING E. ASKE. 

